1.The so-called pilling mechanism of fabrics refers to the formation of hair on the surface of the fabric by one or several fibers, which are then entangled with each other to form a spherical state. When a filament fabric is hooked on the surface, one or several hooked monofilaments are entangled with each other to form a ball. These hairy balls not only affect the appearance, but also cause a decline in style such as feel. For the phenomenon of pilling, knitted fabrics with loose structure are most likely to occur. According to research and observation, during the wearing process, the fibers of the fabric are first pulled out to form rings and hairs due to external friction.The condition for the hair to be pulled out must be that the external force is greater than the friction between the fibers and the yarn. Therefore, short fiber fabrics using strongly twisted yarn or fibers with a large friction coefficient have greater resistance to fluffing and are less likely to fluff. Only after the hairs reach a certain length can they tangle with each other and form balls. Therefore, the length at which the hairs are pulled out has a great impact on fabric pilling. In addition, pilling factors include the bending resistance, strength and wear resistance of the fiber. Fibers that are easy to bend tend to become entangled into balls during friction. The shedding of hair balls depends to a large extent on the strength and wear resistance of the fibers. Some fibers have been worn or pulled apart before forming longer fluff, leaving only short fluff, which is not easy to form balls. If the fiber's bending resistance and abrasion resistance are weak, the hair balls on the surface of the fabric will soon fall off as friction continues.As mentioned above, the formation of pilling can generally be divided into three stages: the occurrence of hair, the formation of hair balls and the shedding of hair balls. Since the prerequisite for pilling is the generation of fuzz, in addition to selecting appropriate fiber raw materials and yarn processing conditions to make it difficult for fibers to be extracted from the fabric, the resin treatment of the fabric can also improve the anti-pilling effect. However, this method will cause the hair to feel hard, so it is an ideal method to make the hair fall off before forming a hair ball. For example, if the fiber is modified so that the strength of the fiber is reduced, it will fall off after being rubbed and will not easily form into a ball.

2.Evaluation of Fabric Pilling For fabrics, it is most reasonable to evaluate the pilling resistance of fabrics based on the pilling density after being subjected to friction, that is, the number of pills per unit area. However, since the size and shape of the pilling balls are uncertain, if they are counted equally, the overall impression of the pilling fabric cannot be obtained. Therefore, the main method to measure the pilling degree of fabric is to compare the pilled fabric with the standard sample to determine the pilling degree of the sample. The domestic rating system adopts a five-level system. The smaller the level, the more serious the pilling of the fabric is, and vice versa, the better the anti-pilling performance. When rating specimens, there is a half-level block between each level as needed. As for the specific assessment, there are two methods: gaze rating and instrument rating. The rating method described above only considers the form of pilling and does not consider the process after reaching the maximum degree of pilling, which is a flaw.

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